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Published in Faith • Civilization • Theology (eISSN 3083-0710), Volume 2, Issue 1 — January–June 2027. First published online: 30 October 2026. Copyright © 2026 Irene Gobbi. All rights reserved; free reader access. AbstractThe exegetical links between Cyril of Alexandria and Philo have…
Exorcism was one of the practices through which early Christians publicly distinguished their religious claims from surrounding ritual cultures. This article surveys Christian exorcistic discourse before Constantine, concentrating on Justin Martyr, Irenaeus, Tertullian, and Origen. It argues that exorcism functioned simultaneously as pastoral…
Nuka Church, commonly known in Georgian as Nuka-Saqdari (ნუკას საყდარი), is a small ninth-century church in the historical province of Klarjeti, today within Artvin Province in northeastern Türkiye. Its architectural scale is modest, yet its historical importance is unusually large. The monument has…
This article examines the submerged early Christian basilica in Lake İznik (ancient Nicaea) and the newly reported archaeological evidence for an earlier church phase beneath the later structure. It evaluates the possibility that this earlier sacred building was connected with the First Council…
When Georgian-speaking Christians began translating Scripture, liturgy, and patristic writing, they inherited no single Greek word that could simply be carried across as “holiness.” Greek Christian texts drew upon a crowded semantic field: hagios named what belonged to God and, substantivally, the saints;…
Traditional systematic theology has often treated animals as secondary to humanity, mentioning them within creation and providence while rarely developing their theological and eschatological significance. This article addresses that gap through Romans 8:19–22 and related biblical texts. The article argues that non-human creation…
The discovery of the Nag Hammadi codices is often presented in popular media as evidence that alternative Christian writings preserve a more authentic form of Christianity than the New Testament. This article challenges that conclusion by distinguishing between the physical antiquity of a…
The palimpsests preserved at St Catherine’s Monastery on Mount Sinai contain an important body of erased Christian Palestinian Aramaic Gospel material. Recovered through modern multispectral imaging, these fragments provide evidence for both the history of biblical translation and the Christological memory of Palestinian…
Early Irish monasticism is examined as a practical theology of material scarcity. Rather than treating environmental theology as a modern concern imposed upon medieval sources, this article identifies ecological and economic assumptions embedded within monastic rules, penitential discipline, hospitality, labour, property, food distribution,…
This article examines early Georgian, Christian Palestinian Aramaic, and Geʽez biblical translation as forms of theological interpretation rather than as secondary witnesses to Greek and Latin Christianity. Each tradition emerged within a distinct cultural and ecclesial environment, yet all three demonstrate that translation…
This article examines the Carpocratians and the followers of Prodicus as heterodox micro-movements within second-century Christianity. Because neither community left a surviving body of literature in its own voice, their teachings must be reconstructed primarily from the hostile accounts of Irenaeus, Clement of…
This article examines the practical management of material resources in late-antique Christian communities. While histories of early Christianity often concentrate on councils, creeds, bishops, and theological controversies, churches also had to manage land, buildings, oil, wax, grain, clothing, liturgical objects, donations, charitable distributions,…