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Working paper7 Sep 2026

Sophia, the Demiurge, and the Fractured Pleroma Valentinian Christianity, Creation, and Salvation in the Second Century

Grace, Daniel J.

Valentinian Christianity remains one of the most sophisticated and contested forms of second-century Christian thought. Its cosmological language - Pleroma, aeons, Sophia, Demiurge, spiritual seed, and bridal chamber - has often been compressed into a simple story of a fallen Wisdom and an…

Religious Traditions & TextsView record

Journal article29 Jul 2026

Pauline Liberty at the Margins of Second-Century Christianity: The Carpocratians, Prodicians, and the Reconstruction of Heterodox Micro-Movements from Heresiological Sources

Grace, Daniel J.

This article examines the Carpocratians and the followers of Prodicus as heterodox micro-movements within second-century Christianity. Because neither community left a surviving body of literature in its own voice, their teachings must be reconstructed primarily from the hostile accounts of Irenaeus, Clement of…

Christian History & ArchaeologyView record

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Sophia, the Demiurge, and the Fractured Pleroma Valentinian Christianity, Creation, and Salvation in the Second Century

Pauline Liberty at the Margins of Second-Century Christianity: The Carpocratians, Prodicians, and the Reconstruction of Heterodox Micro-Movements from Heresiological Sources

A place for
serious inquiry.