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The Gospel of Thomas is frequently described in popular culture as a suppressed secret gospel that preserves an alternative Christianity based on hidden knowledge. This article argues that such descriptions flatten a far more complicated text and scholarly debate. Thomas is a collection…
This article argues that Christian theology should not understand science as a rival explanatory system but as a complementary mode of inquiry into created reality. Theology is concerned not only with historical doctrines or biblical interpretation, but with questions of ultimate reality, existence,…
This article asks when Christian theology can properly be said to have begun. Rather than locating its origins primarily in the second-century Apologists, the major patristic theologians, or the conciliar period, it argues that theological reasoning was already present within the earliest Christian…
This article examines Ecclesiastes as a sustained theological and literary exploration of meaning, finitude, mortality, pleasure, labour, wisdom, and divine sovereignty. It places the book in conversation with ancient conceptions of the meaningful life while also asking why Ecclesiastes continues to resonate within…
This article reconsiders the recurring accusation that John Calvin’s Christology tends toward Nestorianism by shifting attention from denominational polemic to the theological grammar governing Calvin’s account of the incarnate Son. Rather than asking only whether Calvin can be classified as Nestorian, the study…
This article re-examines Abrasax (later commonly Abraxas) by separating four historical layers frequently collapsed in modern accounts: Basilidean traditions reported by early Christian heresiologists; late antique magical gems and amulets; appearances of Abrasax in Nag Hammadi literature; and Carl Gustav Jung's twentieth-century reappropriation…
This article examines the relationship between divine inspiration, human authorship, and biblical authority, arguing that a high doctrine of Scripture does not require a mechanical or dictation model of inspiration. It distinguishes revelation, inspiration, canon, authority, inerrancy or infallibility, and interpretation as related…
The Hebrew Book of Esther is remarkable for what it does not say. God is never explicitly named, yet the narrative is structured around concealment, reversal, threatened destruction, and unexpected deliverance. These features made Esther fertile ground for later Jewish interpretation, including readings…
Cross-cultural comparison often begins with a real observation and ends with an unjustified genealogy. Similar names, images, foods, technologies, or religious functions may reflect historical transmission, but they may also arise through independent adaptation, recurring engineering constraints, or later metaphorical reuse. This article…
Generative artificial intelligence has moved from a specialised technical instrument into an everyday conversational presence. People now ask AI systems for moral advice, biblical interpretation, prayer, vocational guidance, emotional reassurance, and answers to questions of meaning. This article examines the transfer of spiritual…
This article examines the submerged early Christian basilica in Lake İznik (ancient Nicaea) and the newly reported archaeological evidence for an earlier church phase beneath the later structure. It evaluates the possibility that this earlier sacred building was connected with the First Council…
The Ethiopic tradition of the Book of Jubilees represents one of the most significant examples of ancient Jewish literature preserved within an African Christian manuscript tradition. While Jubilees originated within Second Temple Judaism, its survival primarily through Geʽez manuscripts demonstrates the complex movement…